December 23, 2021

Fourth in our series of Syria’s religious makeup: the Sunni Muslims. This article delves into the early islamic era in Syria (commenced by two powerful Sunni dynasties, the Umayyad and the Abbasid), as well as the incredibly diverse nature of the many Islamic dynasties that have come to rule our land from 634-1919 AD. While the vast majority were Sunni, about half of them were in fact non Arab and have dominated Syria’s Sunni Islamic history. This plays a massive role in shaping the modern day demographics of Syrian Sunnis, in addition to refugees and their descendants who have settled in Syria, such as Iraqis and Palestinians. As the majority, Sunnis have played key roles in the development of Syria’s political and social fabric particularly during our country’s establishment as a modern state. Syria was key to the establishment of Sunni Islam as a powerful social and political entity in the world, as Damascus was the capital of the first Islamic Empire – the Umayyad Empire – which spanned from Northwest Africa to modern day Pakistan in the east, from the Southern Arabian Peninsula to the Caucasus region, as well as modern Spain and Portugal. Often many of us conflate Islamic rule in Syria with Arabs, yet forget that in fact, the majority were non Arab Islamic dynasties. Sunni Islam has also dominated Islamic history in Syria.